华南特色大棚夏季微域环境变化研究

为了解华南特色大棚夏季微域环境的变化特点，研究了防雨棚和防虫网棚2种设施内外的气温和相对湿度的变化特征。结果表明，设施内外日平均气温差异小，白天设施内升温快，气温比露地稍高，但设施内外最高气温差异在2℃以下，晚间设施内外气温相近；设施内外相对湿度差异较大，防雨棚的相对湿度白天高、晚上高，防虫网棚白天低、晚上高，露地则是白天低、晚上低；设施内外最大相对湿度差异小，防雨棚最小相对湿度明显高于防虫网和露地。因此，防雨棚和防虫网棚温度与外界差异小，均适合华南地区夏季蔬菜栽培，但防雨棚的防雨水效果更佳，相对湿度更稳定，防虫网棚的防虫效果好，可根据种植需要选择合适的设施。

Research on the Characteristics of Summer Microclimate in Cultivated Facilities of South China

In order to find out the characteristics of Summer Microclimate in Vegetable Cultivated Facilities, the temperature and relative humidity inside and outside the insect-proof screens as well as rain proof shelter was detected. The results showed that, there was less difference on average temperature between inside and outside facilities. The facilities temperature increased faster, and the daytime temperature was higher than open field, but the highest temperature difference was bellowed 2℃ between inside and outside. The temperature was similar inside and outside facilities in the evening. The relative humidity was much difference between inside and outside facilities. The relative humidity was high during daytime and evening in rain proof shelter, and low in daytime but high in evening in the insect-proof, while there was always low in open field. There was small change of relative humidity in the rain proof shelter, while the change was large in the insect-proof and open field, through compared the maximum and minimum relative humidity. Therefore, the temperature in the rain proof shelter and insect-proof was similar to open field, both facilities are suitable for summer vegetable cultivation in south China. Choosing the right facilities depend on the plant requirement, while the rain proof shelter do reduce the rain, and insect-proof can reduce the insect and disease.