浙北河谷丘陵区土壤有效硼现状及其演变趋势

为了指导农户合理施用硼肥，2010年对桐庐县22个土壤的有效硼含量进行了测定，并与1983年相对应点的有效硼含量进行了比较。测定结果显示，2010年全县土壤有效硼含量变幅为0.20~0.97 mg/kg，平均值为0.50 mg/kg，其中8个园地土样的土壤有效硼平均含量为0.61 mg/kg，14水田土样的土壤有效硼平均含量为0.44 mg/kg。2010年土壤的有效硼含量按以下次序递减：果园(0.82 mg/kg)>茶园(0.68 mg/kg) > 桑园(0.47 mg/kg)>稻-蔬菜(0.45 mg/kg)>稻-油菜(0.41 mg/kg)。近30年来，土壤有效硼含量有了非常明显的提高：土壤有效硼含量<0.25 mg/kg的土样由1983年的90.8%减少到2010年的13.6%；土壤有效硼含量0.25~0.50 mg/kg的土样由1983年的4.6%增加到2010年的31.8%；土壤有效硼含量0.50~1.00 mg/kg的土样由1983年的4.6%提高到2010年的54.6%。据此，提出了硼肥施用的对策。关键词：土壤有效硼；评价；演变趋势；桐庐县

Current Status of Soil Available Boron in Valley and Hilly Regions in North Zhejiang and Evolution Trend

In order to rational application of boron fertilizer, available boron contents in 22 soil samples collected from different land utilization modals in Tonglu County were determined in 2010, and compared with the soil available boron contents of corresponding points in 1983. The results showed that: soil available boron contents in this County in 2010 ranged 0.20-0.97 mg/kg, the average value was 0.50 mg/kg, the average content of available boron in 8 garden soil samples was 0.61 mg/kg, the average content of available boron in 14 paddy soil samples was 0.44 mg/kg. The available boron contents in the soils in 2010 decreased in the following order: Orchard (0.82 mg/kg)>tea gardens (0.68 mg/kg)>mulberry gardens (0.47 mg/kg)>rice-vegetable cropping system (0.45 mg/kg) rice-rape cropping system (0.41 mg/kg). In the latest 30 years, the available boron contents in the soils had greatly improved and the soil samples with <0.25 mg/kg of available boron content decreased from 90.8% in 1983 to 13.6% in 2010; the soil samples with 0.25-0.50 mg/kg of available boron content increased from 4.6% in 1983 to 31.8% in 2010; the soil samples with 0.50-1.00 mg/kg of available boron content increased from 4.6% in 1983 to 54.6% in 2010. Accordingly, the author put forward the countermeasure of application of boron fertilizers.