秸秆还田的土壤酶学及微生物学效应研究进展

秸秆还田作为构建生态农业的重要举措，对维持农田土壤肥力，减少化肥施用，提高陆地土壤碳汇能力具有重要作用。土壤酶活性、土壤微生物状况与秸秆还田量、还田模式的相互作用显著影响到秸秆介入农田土壤后的分解转化，深入研究秸秆还田的土壤酶学及微生物学效应，揭示其培肥土壤的生物学机制对实现农田土壤资源的可持续开发与利用具有重要意义。综合分析了土壤酶活性与微生物状况对秸秆介入的响应，探讨了秸秆还田培肥土壤的生物学机制。在此基础上，并对秸秆还田的土壤酶学及微生物学效应研究作了一定展望。

Research Progress of Soil Enzymology and Microbiology Effects Affected by Straw Incorporation

As the important part of the global ecological agriculture, straw incorporation has a positive role in maintaining soil fertility, reducing fertilizer application rate and improving ability of carbon sequestration in soil. The interaction of soil enzyme activities, microorganisms status, amount of straw and incorporation mode has a significant impact on straw decomposition and transformation in field. Further studying of soil enzymology and microbiology effects after straw incorporation and revealing the biological mechanism show great significance on the sustainable utilization of soil source. This paper comprehensively analyzed the responses of soil enzyme activities and microorganisms status to straw incorporation and investigated the biological mechanisms of improving soil fertility by straw. On this basis, advances of soil enzymology and microbiology affected by straw incorporation were also discussed in this paper.