草原牧区生态与经济互动途径研究

生态优良、经济发展是国家、地方和居民追求的共同目标,但在特定的时空条件下这三者的利益却存在着矛盾和冲突。区域经济与生态发展的不平衡导致不同区域的地方政府对中央政府同一政策的不同响应。地域差异决定了适用于一个地方的规律或考核指标并不能适应于所有区域。这就要进行分类治理因地制宜。在经济落后的区域应该强化国家行为,实行生态购买和生态补偿,明确国家的生态供给权、地方的生态保护权和居民生态经济享有权;在经济发达的区域应该推行更加市场化的方式,推行牧权交易实现生态交易,明确国家、地方和居民的生态权利与生态义务的统一,强调经济繁荣和生态优美的统一和结合。

The Study on the Interation Development Pattern Between Economy and Ecology in Grassland

Ideal ecology and economic development is the common goal for the State,locals and residents.However,under some specific conditions,there exists contradictions and conflicts between these three interests.Imbalanced development of regional economy and ecology causes different response of different regional governments to the central government on the same policies.Due to geographical differences,the law or local assessment criteria applicable to one place may not be applicable to all regions.This requires that we must govern in light of local conditions.In economically backward regions,national behavior,and exercise ecological purchase and ecological compensation,clearly define the country's ecological supply,local ecological protection and residents' ecological and economic entitlement should be streng thened;In economically developed regions,more market-oriented approach,implement the ecological transaction of animal husbandry rights,clearly determine the unity of national,local residents and ecological rights and obligations,and highlight the unity and integration of economic prosperity and ecological beauty should be introduced.