新疆南疆核桃树氮磷钾肥料效应试验研究

【目的】为新疆核桃的合理施肥提供依据。【方法】通过氮、磷、钾肥料效应田间定位试验,研究了核桃的合理施肥量,施肥与叶片营养水平的关系,分析了传统施肥存在的问题。【结果】适量施用氮肥、磷肥和钾肥,可以提高核桃营养器官的生长量,增加核桃叶片的N、P、K营养水平,提高核桃的产量和品质。氮、磷、钾肥对核桃叶片中N、P、K的含量有显著影响,叶片中N、P、K含量与施肥量之间呈现二次多项式模式。在供试条件下,合理的施肥量为,尿素3 kg/株、三料磷肥3 kg/株、硫酸钾1.5 kg/株,核桃产量可达19.6~22.2 kg/株。【结论】平衡施肥与传统施肥相比,氮、磷、钾、微量元素肥料配合合理,能有效提高核桃产量和品质,核桃园可增加收入2 590.6元/667 m2,平衡施肥的经济效益显著。

Effect of N,P and K Fertilizers on Walnut Tree in Southern Xinjiang

【Objective】In order to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization of walnut tree in Xinjiang.【Method】The reasonable rate of fertilizer application,the relationship between fertilization and leaf nutrition level and the problems of conventional fertilization were studiee by experiments of N,P and K fertilizers.【Result】The results indicated that application of nitrogenous,phosphatic and potassium fertilizers can increase the growth of vegetative organs of walnut and increase N,P,K nutrition levels in walnut leaves and improve the yield and quality of walnut.Using N,P and K fertilizers could significantly(P<0.05)affect N,P and K content;The relationship between the content of N,P and K in leaf and rate of fertilizer application was second-order polynomial mode.【Conclusion】In experimental condition,the reasonable rate of fertilizer application for each walnut tree is 3 kg urea,3 kg Re-SSP,1.5 kg potassium sulfate.The yield of walnut is up to 19.6～22.2 kg/tree.Compared with conventional fertilization,the complexation of N,P and K was more reasonable and balanced.It could increase walnut yield and quality.And it also gained increase extra profit by 2 590.6 RMB yuan per 667 m2.The economic benefit was significant.