不同玉米品种穗部性状及产量的灰关联评价研究

为了综合评价16个玉米引种品种在当地农业生态环境的适宜性，通过大田栽培试验采集穗部性状及产量因子数据，采用灰色关联分析方法，研究分析9个穗部性状及产量的灰关联度，构建综合评价模型对参试的16个玉米品种作综合比较。结果表明，穗粗与出籽率、行粒数与出籽率、单穗粒重与单穗重是灰关联度最大的3对性状；与产量关联度最大的3个性状是出籽率>行粒数>百粒重；灰关联权重模型评价排名前面的品种为‘浚单29’>‘先玉335’>‘晋单55’>‘郑单958’>‘浚单26’，且加权关联度评价模型和平权模型表现相似的变化趋势。在玉米育种实践中，应在保证出籽率、行粒数、百粒重三个性状优良的基础上协调其他各穗部性状综合筛选玉米新品种。灰关联综合评价分析可作为一种有效的数据统计手段，应用于玉米新品种引种及适地栽培推广实践，从而能更科学地服务于当地农业生产。

Grey Relational Evaluation Study in Ear Traits and Yield of Different Maize Varieties

In order to overall evaluated sixteen maize varieties’ suitability in local agricultural ecological circumstance, we studied nine corn ear traits and yield of sixteen maize varieties with the grey relational analysis method through field experiment collected ear traits and yield factors data. Finally, we established a varieties assessment model to be used in sixteen maize varieties comprehensive comparison. The results showed that, three biggest grey relation traits were ear diameter and grain rate, row grains and grain rate, per ear grains weight and per ear weight. The grain rate, row grains, 100-seed weight had most correlation degree with yield. Through the varieties assessment model, ‘Xundan29’, ‘Xianyu335’, ‘Jindan55’, ‘Zhengdan958’, ‘Xundan26’ showed the best advantage. The weighted grey correlation degree assessment model was similar with equal weight assessment model. To breed new maize varieties, we first assured screening optimal grain rate, row grains and 100-seed weight, following coordination with residual ear traits in maize yield breeding practice. The grey relation analysis may play as a data statistic method in maize new varieties introduction and cultivation extension praxis, it will also better service in local agricultural production.