国外小麦种质资源农艺性状及品质性状的多样性分析

为了解国外146份小麦种质的遗传多样性，提高小麦资源利用效率，在山西南部大田对从国外引进的146份小麦种质资源的农艺性状和品质性状进行了多样性分析。结果表明：18个农艺性状和品质性状指标的平均变异系数为10.9%，平均多样性指数为1.4。农艺性状的产量、主茎穗长、穗粒数、千粒重、单株成穗数和品质性状的稳定时间、拉伸面积、最大拉伸阻力、沉降值、形成时间等方面有着丰富的遗传多样性。同时对产量较好的31份材料进行了主成分分析和聚类分析，前8个主成分特征值的累计贡献率达92.73%，从中选出了影响力较大的8个性状，综合反映了经济性状和品质性状；31份材料按遗传距离远近划分为七大类，各类群特征表现各异，说明引进小麦资源农艺性状和品质性状遗传多样性丰富。

Diversity Analysis of Agronomic and Quality Characters of Foreign Wheat Germplasm Resources

In order to gain knowledge of genetic diversity of wheat and improve their usage efficiency as germplasm resource. Diversities of agronomic and quality characters were analyzed for 146 foreign wheat germplasm in the field in southern Shanxi Province, basing on the data statistic analysis, principal component and cluster analysis methods. The average coefficient of variance was 10.9%, and the average diversity index was 1.4 with 18 wheat characters. It was-to seed yield, spike length, kernels per spike, spikes per plant, 1000-grain weight, stability time, tensile area, maximum resistance, sedimentation value and development time. Principal component and cluster analysis were used to 31 high-yield germplasm resources. The additive contributing rate of first eight principal components was 92.73%, eight major discriminating characteristics were selected to reflect the comprehensive economic characters and quality characters. According to the genetic distance, 31 germplasm resources were divided into 7 groups. Each group had different characteristics and showed abundant genetic diversity in agronomic and quality characters.