水源涵养林结构与功能耦合关系模型研究——以北京山区水源涵养林为例

采用野外调查和数学模拟方法,选择树种组成、年龄、郁闭度、起源、层次、生物量以及土壤厚度等7个林分结构因子,建立了北京山区水源林结构与功能耦合关系模型。利用结构与功能耦合关系模型,比较了北京密云水库上游8种水源林森林类型,结果表明:1)保持水土功能大小顺序是阔叶混交林>桦树林>蒙古栎林>山杨林>油松林>刺槐林>侧柏林>落叶松林;2)涵养水源功能大小顺序是山杨林>蒙古栎林>桦树林>阔叶混交林>落叶松林>侧柏林>油松林>刺槐林;3)改善水质功能大小顺序是桦树林>蒙古栎林>山杨林>阔叶混交林>侧柏林>刺槐林>油松林>落叶松林。

Study on the Coupling Relationship between Structure and Function of Water Conservation Forests in Mountainous Area of Beijing

This paper adopts field investigation and mathematical simulation methods,chooses 7 stand structure factors(the species composition,age,canopy density,origin,level of forest,biomass,soil thickness) to establish the coupling relationship model between the structure and function of water conservation forest in mountainous area of Beijing.Using the model to compare 8 types of Water Conservation Forest in the upper reaches of Beijing Miyun Reservoir,the results show that 1) soil and water conservation function:Broad-leaved mixed forest>Birch forest>Mongolian oak forest>Populus forest>Pine forest>Locust forest>Orientalis forest>Larch forest.2) water conservation function:Populus forest>Mongolian oak forest>Birch forest>Broad-leaved mixed>Larch forest>Orientalis forest>Pine forest>Locust forest.3) improving water quality function:Birch forest>Mongolian oak forest>Populus forest>Broad-leaved mixed forest>Orientalis forest>Locust forest>Pine forest>Larch forest.