黄土丘陵沟壑区耕地苹果种植适宜性评价研究

以地处黄土丘陵沟壑区的陕西省安塞县为例,通过野外调查和室内分析,在GIS支持下,利用土壤图、土地利用现状图和行政区划图叠置确定评价单元,结合层次分析、模糊评价等数学方法,从剖面组成、土壤管理、土壤性质、立地条件4个方面选取14项指标,对安塞县耕地苹果种植适宜性进行了定量评价分级,并研究了影响该区耕地苹果种植适宜性的主要指标。结果表明:高度适宜、适宜、勉强适宜和不适宜的面积分别为4 136.49,18 247.91,21 129.16,22 045.70hm2,分别占耕地总面积的6.31%,27.83%,32.23%和33.63%;通过层次分析组合权重看出,地貌类型、海拔、有机质、灌溉能力、全氮为影响该区耕地苹果种植适宜性最重要的指标。

Research on Suitability Evaluation of Cultivated Land for Apple in Loess Hill and Gully Area

On the basis of the field investigation,field sampling and chemical analysis,using Arcgis 9.3 software to overlap the soil distribution map,the land utilization map and the a dministrative map for deciding evaluation unit,selecting fourteen affected factors from four aspects as profile form,land management,soil physical and land growing situation,the apple-planting-suitability of farm land in ansai county was assessed quantitatively via analytical hierarch program(AHP)and Fuzzy Mathematical Theory(FMT).The results indicated that the areas of the most suitable,suitable,reluctant and not-suitable planting grade of cultivated land were 4136.49hm2,18247.91hm2,21129.16hm2 and 22045.70hm2,respectively;which constitute of 6.31%,27.83%,32.23% and 33.63% of the total area of the cult ivated land,seperately.By layer analysis constitute with weight analysis,geomorphologic types,elevation,organic matter,irrigation ability and total nitrogen were assigned as the important targets influencing the suitability.The results can not only be beneficial for scientific management of farmlands,but also provide the basic data and scientific guidance for the stable production of apple.