6种能源草的丛枝菌根侵染状况初步调查

共生是植物适应环境的一种重要策略，丛枝菌根真菌作为一类古老的土壤微生物，能与陆地上大多数的维管植物形成专性共生体系，在影响植物生长发育、养分吸收和生态适应性等方面起到了关键作用。对栽培于中国农业大学涿州试验站的6种能源草（8个品种）进行菌根侵染状况和孢子群落的初步调查，结果表明：所有能源草类型均能被AM真菌侵染并形成丛枝、泡囊、菌丝等典型结构，侵染水平为4.3%~25.2%，其中虉草（Phalaris arundinacea）侵染率最高，芒草（Miscanthus sinensis）最低。每20 g根际土中有18.7~48.0个孢子，菌丝密度在1.8~4.2 m·g^-1之间。经过对根外孢子的形态学鉴定，发现与调查的能源草共生的AM真菌优势种类为Funneliformis mosseae和Claroideoglomus etunicatum。这表明丛枝菌根真菌能与本研究中的能源草建立良好的共生关系，为能源草的生态适应性研究提供了新的思路。

A Preliminary Investigation of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Status in Several Energy Grass

Symbiosis is an important strategy for plants to adapt to the environment. A substantial part of the soil microbial community belongs to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), an ancient group of fungi belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota, which forms mutualistic association with the roots of the majority of land plants. These fungi have played a key role in plant growth and development, nutrient uptake and ecological adaptability. The mycorrhizal colonization status and spore community of eight energy grass cultivars growing in the Zhuozhou experimental station of China Agricultural University were investigated in this study. The experimental results showed that all tested energy grass cultivars formed arbuscule, vesicle and hyphae, and the colonization rate ranged from 4.3% to 25.2%. The colonization rate of Phalaris arundinacea was the highest among the cultivars, while Miscanthus sinensis was the lowest. The spore densities in the rhizosphere soil of different host plant species ranged from 18.7 to 48.0 per 20 g air-dried soil, and the hyphal densities ranged from 1.8 to 4.2 meters per g. Funneliformis mosseae and Claroideoglomus etunicatum were the dominant AM fungal species establishing symbiosis with tested energy grass cultivars by spore identification. The research indicated that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could establish good association with the most investigated energy grass cultivars, which offered a new way for the research of ecological adaptation of energy grass.