关中地区紫花苜蓿生产性能和利用年限的研究

【目的】研究了关中地区8个紫花苜蓿品种连续8年的生产性能及其利用年限，旨在筛选出适合关中地区的紫花苜蓿新品种。【方法】2002-2009年，以8个国内外紫花苜蓿品种为研究对象，对其株高、鲜干比、茎叶比和产量等进行了测定，运用隶属函数法综合评价了各苜蓿品种的适应性，并对其在关中地区的最佳利用年限进行了分析。【结果】平均株高较高的品种是维多利亚和中苜1号，分别为71.67和70.89 cm；鲜干比较低的品种有放牧者、德宝和维多利亚；茎叶比较高的品种是三得利和关中；不同年份各个苜蓿品种平均产量具有明显差异，其中平均产量较高的品种分别是放牧者、中苜1号和三得利，分别比当地品种关中高48.19%，39.16%和38.55%。根据产量的二次回归方程可知，紫花苜蓿的干草产量高峰出现在第4年。【结论】中苜1号、三得利和放牧者的生产性能均较佳，适宜在关中地区推广应用，且最佳利用年限为5~6年。

Study on the production performance and utilization period of alfalfa in Guanzhong region

【Objective】 Production performance and proper use age of 8 cultivars in continuous 8 years in Guanzhong area was investigated to selected the suitable alfalfa cultivars in Guanzhong region.【Method】 In 2002-2009,8 cultivars from abroad and home as subject were investigated,the characteristics including height,dry yield,the ratio of fresh/dry and stem/leaf were tested.And the adaptability and effective utilization period were evaluated comprehensively by the membership function and regressive function.【Result】 8 years observation results showed that plant average height of Victoria and Zhongmu No.1 reached 71.67 and 70.89 cm respectively and were higher than others;There were significant differences in dry matter yield among 8 cultivars in different years.Among these cultivars,the high average annual dry-matter-yield were Haygrazer,Zhongmu No.1 and sandity,which were 48.19%,39.16% and 38.55% higher than Guanzhong respectively,and the 4th year was the high-yield period.【Conclusion】 Zhongmu No.1,Haygrazer and Sandity were suitable to be cultivated and deserved extension in Guanzhong area,and the best period for economic use was 5 to 6 years.