无花粉型水稻温敏核不育系籼S不育特性遗传的初步研究

【目的】籼S是由常规稻籼黄占自然突变株选育而成的新型无花粉温敏核不育水稻，对籼S的不育特性遗传进行初步分析，为该品种的进一步研究和生产利用奠定基础。【方法】应用经典遗传学分析方法，将籼S与多个常规稻进行杂交，调查杂交后代F₁、正反交F₁、F₂、BCF₁育性,并分析F₁不育株禾蔸的不育特性。【结果】籼S在广州(23°08′N)自然条件下,5月上旬至10月下旬为稳定不育期，不育期较培矮64S长近2个月；籼S的温敏核不育性可以被不同类型常规稻品种恢复，且恢复度较高，说明控制其不育性的基因为隐性遗传；各正、反交花粉可育率及套袋自交结实率差异均不显著，表明籼S的不育性遗传与细胞质无关；绝大多数F₂代群体不育株数与可育株数比值符合1∶3，育性不仅呈非连续分布，且可育株、不育株基本表现为极端分离，13个BCF₁代群体不育株数与可育株数比值均符合1∶1，表明籼S的不育性遗传受1对主效基因控制；F₂不育株禾蔸育性转换与籼S相似，最终均表现为无花粉型败育，且均具有温敏性。【结论】籼S不育性属于隐性遗传，由核基因控制，其不育性基本符合1对主效基因的遗传模式，且其无花粉型败育方式及温敏性能在杂交后代中遗传。

Inheritance of male sterility in a thermo sensitive genic male sterile line of non-pollen type XianS in rice

【Objective】 XianS,a mutant from traditional variety Xianhuangzhan,is a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line of non-pollen type in rice in Guangzhou.Studies were conducted on the genetic character of sterility of XianS in order to further research and use in production.【Method】 In this experiment,the classical genetic method was adopted to study the law of the genetic character of sterility of XianS by several fertility investigations on F1,F1(cross and reciprocal cross),F2 and BCF1 and male sterility of F2 sterile plants,generations of the rice by the cross of XianS with several conventional rice varieties.【Result】 In Guangzhou(23°08′N),XianS had sterility from early May to late October,and its stage of sterility was longer than Pei’ai 64S for almost 2 months.The sterility of XianS,a thermo-sensitive genic male line could be rather highly recovered by several different rice varieties,indicating that the male sterility was a recessive character.The fertility rates of F1(cross and reciprocal cross)were not significantly different,indicating that the male sterility was controlled by nuclear gene.The rate of sterility to fertility in every combination among 35 F2 combinations from XianS with 39 traditional varieties followed 1∶3.The distribution of fertile plants and sertile plants was discontinuous and extremly segregate.The rate of sterility to fertility in every combination among 13 combinations(back cross) from XianS with 13 traditional varieties followed 1∶1,indicating that the male sterility was controlled by one pair of gene.According to the investigations on sterile plants of F2 combinations from XianS with conventional rice varieties more than 10,their fertility conversions were similar to XianS’.The pattern of pollen abortion was non-pollen type at last.Every sterile plant had thermo-sensitivity.【Conclusion】 The result showed that in Guangzhou the inheritance of sterility of XianS was recessive and controlled by nuclear gene and that the feature of sterility of XianS was basically in such a model:Controlled by one pair of major gene.The pattern of pollen abortion and thermo-sensitivity could be inherited.