间距自适应差速玉米摘穗辊设计与试验

分析了影响卧辊式玉米收获机摘穗过程中作业质量的主要因素。通过改变摘穗辊间距以适应不同直径的玉米秸秆,有效解决了玉米收获机工作时堵塞的问题。通过两摘穗辊转速不同步的办法减少了玉米果穗的掉粒损失。通过CATIA软件对间距自适应差速摘穗辊进行了建模,并通过ADAMS软件与间距固定摘穗辊进行了仿真对比分析,通过ADAMS仿真试验,确定了内外摘穗辊的最佳转速,即内侧摘穗辊转速为900 r/min,外侧摘穗辊转速为860 r/min。田间试验中无秸秆堵塞摘穗辊现象发生,且籽粒破损率和损失率之和为0.11%,远小于国家标准的5%。

Design and Experiment of Spacing-adaptive Differential Snapping Rollers for Corn Harvester

Main factors affecting the working quality of horizontal snapping roller of corn harvester when it snaps the corn ear were analyzed. By adjusting the spacing between two snapping rollers, the snapping rollers can adapt to corn stalks of different diameters, so the snapping rollers can hold the corn stalks tightly all the time. Finally, the blocks occur during corn harvester working were solved effectively. The grain losses of corn ears were reduced by adjusting the rotational speeds of snapping rollers differentially. Model of spacing-adaptive differential snapping roller was built by using CATIA, and its simulation analysis was conducted compared to the snapping rollers with fixed spacing by using ADAMS software. The optimal speeds of inner and outer snapping rollers were 900r/min and 860r/min which were determined by simulation test of ADAMS. At last, in order to certificate the analyses and design, the field test was conducted. There was no jam occurred during the field test, and the grain losses and damages were both far lower than the national standard which is 5%.