西藏林芝地区玉米地膜与露地栽培主要性状研究

玉米地膜覆盖、露地栽培两种种植方式的生长发育特点、植株形态及产量性状是完全不同的。应用灰色关联方法分析结果表明:两种种植方式都表现为果穗粒重对产量影响最大。地膜玉米的穗位高度、果穗重、单株绿叶面积对产量有较大影响;露地玉米对产量有较大影响的性状是百粒重、果穗重和株高。模糊综合评判方法分析,地膜玉米应种植75000株/hm2,产量可达到6750～7500kg/hm2,果穗粒重必须保持88.9g,穗位高78cm,单果穗重170g,生育后期叶面积指数为2。而露地玉米产量在3750～4500kg/hm2,果穗粒重是60g以上,百粒重30～31g,单果穗重80～90g,植株高度应达到105cm,在西藏林芝及气候相似地区种中熟玉米应采用地膜覆盖栽培。

Research on the Main Properties of Corn Plastic Membrane and Open Air Cultivation in Linzhi Area of Tibet

It is quite different result of the corn's growth character,individual plant shape and yield properties between plastic membranes covering and open air culture planting.Analyzed with grey related method,we found that the weight of the spike grain affected yield most whichever the planting ways.The spike heights,spike weight,individual plant green leaf area of the plastic membrane planting corn have much more effect on yield,while for the open air culture planting corn,hundred grain weight,spike grain weight and individual plant height affected yield most.Analyzd with vague comprehensive evaluation method,the plastic membranes corn should plant 75 000 individual plants/ha,the spike grain weight must remain 88.9 g,spike weight 170 g,index of the foliage leaf during late growth period is 2,the yield can reach as much as 6 750-7 500 kg/ha.The yield of the open air planning corn is 3 750-4 500 kg/ha,spike grain weight 60 g,hundred grain weight 30-31 g,spike weight 80-90 g,individual plant height 105 cm,It is suitable to use plastic membrane covering planting to plant mid-matured corn in Linzhi of Tibet as well as in the places with similar climate.