普洱茶安全性毒理学评价研究概述

安全性毒理学评价是研究食品安全的重要手段。本文综述了与普洱茶有关的安全性毒理学评价研究,为认识普洱茶安全性提供参考。急性经口毒性实验显示普洱茶的半致死率（LD₅₀）大于5β000βmg·kg^-1,属于实际无毒级别;28βd或90βd经口毒性试验发现普洱生、熟茶提取物无明显不良效应的剂量分别是1β250和5β000βmg·kg^-1·d^-1;遗传毒性研究表明普洱茶对原核细胞、真核细胞和生殖细胞均无致突变性;普洱茶的生殖毒性和发育毒性无效应剂量水平是700βmg·kg^-1·d^-1;普洱茶对小鼠肝细胞的毒性极小或无;人体急性、亚急性毒性研究均未观察到病理改变。综上,已有安全性毒理学评价研究显示普洱茶具有较高的饮用安全性。

Review on the Studies about Safety Assessment of Pu-erh Tea

Toxicology assessment is an important index to evaluate food safety. To provide scientific references for the evaluation of safety of Pu-erh tea, relative studies were reviewed. The acute oral toxicity tests showed that the LD50 of Pu-erh tea was great than 5000 mg·kg-1, which belonged to the actual non-toxic level. The no-observed-adverse-effect-levels of non-fermented and post-fermented Pu-erh tea were 1250 mg·kg-1·d-1 and 5000 mg·kg-1·d-1 in 28 d or 90 d administration tests. Pu-erh tea showed no mutagenicity on the primitive, authentic and reproductive cells during genetic toxicity evaluation. The no-observed-adverse-effect level of Pu-erh tea was 700 mg·kg-1·d-1 for both reproductive and developmental toxicities. Little or none toxicity of Pu-erh tea to mice liver cells was observed. No pathological change was observed in human acute and subacute toxicity assays. In conclusion, the toxicology assessments proved the safety of Pu-erh tea.