植物源杀菌剂的筛选

以80％乙醇和丙酮为溶剂，提取19种区域性植物和66种中草药的活性成分，用琼脂扩散法对其进行抑菌活性测定。结果表明，在生药浓度200mg／mL条件下，有10种提取物对大肠杆菌有抑菌活性，7种提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制菌活性，其中石榴皮、五倍子、没食子、肉桂、丁香5种提取物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌都表现出了很强的抑制作用（DIZ≥20mm），用两倍稀释法测定这5种提取物的最小抑菌浓度（MIC），发现抑菌活性只与提取物的浓度有关，与溶剂种类无关，本研究结果还表明，黄酮类化合物至少是其中一种主要的抗菌物质，而且这些活性物质很可能具有作为天然广谱抗菌剂的潜力。

Screening of Antibacterial Agents from Chinese Medicinal Plants and Herbs

80% ethanol and acetone extracts from 66 kinds of selected chinese medicinal herbs and 19 kinds of regional plant materials were screened for their antibacterial activity with disc diffusion method.Results indicated that extracts from 10 materials showed the inhibition activity to E.coli,and only extracts from 7 materials showed the inhibition activity to S.aureus at the concentration of 200 mg/mL.Among these antibacterial samples,extracts from 5 materials(Punica granatum,Malaphis chinensis,Cynips gallae-tinctoriae,Cortex cinnamomi,Syzygium aromaticum) strongly inhibited the growth of both E.coli and S.aureus DIZ(diameter of inhibition zone) values ≥20 mm].Further study showed that their antibacterial activity was closely related to the concentration of material extracts,but there was no significant difference in the inhibitory action between 80% ethanol and acetone extracts.The present study demonstrated that flavonoids were main antibacterial substances in these extracts,which could be developed to natural broad-spectrum antibacterial agents.