新疆阿尔泰山小东沟林区木本植物群落数量分类、排序及其环境解适

在野外样方调查和主要环境因子测定的基础上,利用聚类分析和DCCA排序技术对新疆阿尔泰山小东沟林区的森林植被进行类型划分,并定量分析植被与环境因子的关系。结果表明:利用聚类分析可将阿尔泰小东沟林区的木本植物群落划分为6个类型(灌丛、欧洲山杨林、苦杨林、疣枝桦林、新疆落叶松林和新疆落叶松与新疆冷杉、新疆云杉的针叶混交林)。DCCA排序分析表明,海拔和坡向等地形因子以及土壤类型、土壤全氮、土壤全磷、土壤水分含量和大石砾含量等土壤因子是影响阿尔泰林区植物分布的主要因子,林区不同群落类型的分布格局主要是由地形和土壤因子的共同作用所控制的。

Quantitative Classification,Ordination and Environmental Analysis of Woody Plant Communities in Xiaodonggou Forest Area of the Altai Mountain,Xinjiang

Rational classification of vegetation types in a region by applying quantitative methods and analysis of the environmental factors influencing their distributions are indispensable for research,conservation and management of ecosystems in the region.We conducted a field investigation on forty-three vegetation plots (20 m × 20 m) in Xiaodonggou forest area of the Ahai Mountain in northwest China.In each plot data of the main environmental factors,including elevation,slope,aspect,large stone content,and grazing disturbance conditions,were recorded.The soil characteristics of water content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and soil organic matter were measured.The results showed that among the 43 plots,We identified 23 woody plant species which belonged to 16 genera in 14 families.Cluster analysis classified the woody communities into 6 types,including 5 tree communities and 1 shrub community.The 6 community types respectively were shrubs,Populus tremula,Populus laurifolia,Betula pendula,Larix sibirica,and a mixed community of Abies sibirica + Larix sibirica + Picea obovata and they had different distribution patterns along the major environmental gradients in the Altai Mountain.The DCCA ordination showed that the topographical factors of elevation,slope position,and aspect,and the soil factors of soil type,soil total nitrogen content,soil total phosphorus content,soil water content,and large stone content,were the major environmental factors affecting plant species distribution in the Xiaodonggou area.The distribution of the vegetations in the area was mainly controlled by the interactions of topographical and soil factors.