高产夏玉米钙的吸收与再分配研究

本文就高产条件下两种株型夏玉米在不同生育时期对钙的吸收、积累及钙在不同器官间的分配与再分配进行了测定分析。结果表明，玉米植株相对含钙量在整个生育期中呈现“前高后低”的变化趋势。植株吸收的钙主要分配到叶片和茎杆中。玉米对钙的吸收有２个高峰期，平展型品种沈单７号分别在拔节至大喇叭口期和籽粒形成期，紧凑型品种掖单１３号则分别在大喇叭口至吐丝期和乳熟末期。每形成百公斤籽粒需吸收钙０．５２～０．６４ｋｇ．营养体中的钙并不向籽粒进行转移，籽粒中的钙则几乎全部来自于籽粒发育期间土壤钙的供给。

Accumulation and partitioning of Calcium by corn (Zea mays L.)

The study was conducted in high yield conditions with two corn hybrids with different plant-types, i. e. the erect-leaf hybrid and the horizontal-leaf hybrid. The absorption and partitioning of calcium by different organs of corn plant during the plant development were analysed. The results showed that percentage content of calcium in corn plant decreased as plant developing. Calcium absorbed by the plant accumulated chiefly in leaves and stem, and only a small part of calcium was partitioned into kernels. Two peaks o f calcium accumulation were found in both hybrids. The fi,st one was from 8-leaf stage to 12-leaf stage for the horizontal hybrid, and from 12-leaf stage to silking stage for the erect-leaf hybrid; the second one appeared from silking to 15 d after silking and from 30 d to 45 d after silking respectively. It needed 520-640 grams of calcium to yield one hundred kilograms of kernel. No remobilizations of calcium from vegetative organs of the plant were found.