沟向与灌溉方式对玉米根区土温的影响

为了阐明不同沟向与沟灌方式下作物根区土壤温度的变化规律,通过垄作玉米田不同点位处的根区地温观测,研究了南北沟向和东西沟向下交替隔沟灌溉(AFI)和常规沟灌(CFI)田的地温变化。结果表明,东西沟向时AFI在湿沟、垄位和干沟处0～20cm土温分别高于南北沟向0～4.60、0～5.37、0～6.57℃;同一沟向条件下,AFI的平均土温比CFI提高了0.02～7.00℃,且AFI在非灌水区域的土温比灌水区域高0.23～6.20℃。东西沟向AFI的作物根区土温最高,提高了根区土壤热能,以其通过栽培方式或灌溉方式的改变调节田间光热环境以适应不同作物的生长需求。

Effects of Furrow Directions and Irrigation Methods on Soil Temperature in Maize Root Zone

In order to understand soil temperature dynamics in crop root zone under furrow irrigation with different irrigation methods and furrow directions,soil temperature changes in root zone with north-south rows and west-east rows under alternative furrow irrigation(AFI) and conventional furrow irrigation(CFI) were investigated using soil temperature measurements in different sites.Results indicated that soil temperatures of 0~20 cm depth in wet furrow,ridge and dry furrow with west-east rows were higher than that with north-south rows by 0~4.6 ℃,0~5.37 ℃ and 0~6.57 ℃,respectively.Average soil temperature with AFI was higher than that with CFI by 0.02~7.00 ℃ under the condition of the same row direction.Soil temperature in non-irrigation zone with AFI was greater than that in irrigation zone by 0.23~6.20 ℃.The AFI treatment with west-east rows had the maximum value of soil temperature in root zone among three treatments,improving soil energy in root zone.Light and heat environment in field could be regulated by cultivation and irrigation methods to meet the growth requirements of different crops.