松阔异龄混交的林分生长与土壤水分物理性质比较研究

2002年在马尾松残次林下套种红锥、米老排、火力楠、南酸枣、枫香、山杜英、荷木等7个乡土阔叶树种，5年后对其林分生长和土壤水分物理性质进行了研究。结果表明：改造5年后林分已近郁闭，形成复层针阔混交林，以套种南酸枣和枫香的生长表现最佳；混交林的土壤渗透系数、含水量均随着土层深度的增加而下降，水分入渗和涵养水源效能显著增强，土壤渗透系数和含水量比马尾松纯林分别增加31．8％～45．1％和40．2％～55．1％；土壤水分物理性质得到了明显改善，其土壤容重降低6．1％～8．9％，总孔隙度提高5．3％-7．8％，饱和持水量、毛管持水量和田间持水量分别提高16．6％～20．8％、9．5％-11．5％和12．7％～15．2％；总体而言，以套种枫香、红锥和南酸枣的生态效果最好。

Comparison on growth performance and soil moisture physical characteristics of mixed forests with senven indigenous broad-leaved species planted under Pinus massoniana canopies

Low-benefit forests of Pinus massoniana were reconstructed in 2002 with seven indigenous broad-leaved species such as Castanopsis hystrix,Mytilaria laosensis,Michelia macclurei,Choerospondias axillaris,Liquidambar formosana,Elaeocarpus sylvestris and Schima superba,and the forest growth performance and soil moisture physical characteristics were investigated after five years.It was showed that two-stratum conifer and broad-leaved forests were formed and almost closed in the fifth year after reforestation,and Choerospondias axillaris and Liquidambar formosana grew best in these seven broad-leaved species;their soil penetration coefficient and moisture content in the mixed forests declined with the increasement of soil depth,and were 31.8 to 45.1 percent and 40.2 to 55.1 percent larger than pure pine forests,respectively;their soil moisture capacity and porosity were also remarkably improved,for example,their soil bulk density declined 6.1 to 8.9 percent,total porosity increased 5.3 to 7.8 percent,saturated moisture capacity,capillary holding capacity and lowest moisture capacity increased 16.6 to 20.8 percent,9.5 to 11.5 percent and 12.7 to 15.2 percent,respectively.In a whole,Liquidambar formosana,Castanopsis hystrix and Choerospondias axillaris were most suitable to be used in reconstruction of low-benefit pine forests.