黄淮麦区部分骨干品种重要基因等位类型分析及全基因组优异位点挖掘

为了从分子水平上了解黄淮麦区部分骨干品种(尤其是西农系列品种)的春化和光周期特性、矮秆基因、抗赤霉病基因类型及全基因组优异位点的分布,以西农979、西农511等近年黄淮麦区主栽小麦品种(共64份)为材料,采用分子标记及小麦35K芯片对供试品种进行检测。结果表明,13份材料含有显性春化基因 Vrn-D1(20.3%),3份材料含有显性基因 Vrn-B1(4.7%),未检测到显性基因 Vrn-A1和 Vrn-B3;除中国春和宁春45外,其余62份材料均含光周期不敏感基因 Ppd-D1a;9份材料携带矮秆基因 Rht-B1b,28份材料携带矮秆基因 Rht-D1b,35份材料携带矮秆基因 Rht8;15份材料同时含有 Rht-D1b和 Rht8;苏麦3号和兰考198含抗赤霉病基因位点 Fhb1。芯片检测结果发现,西农系列品种亲缘关系较近,共含有1 049个特异SNP,集中在2A和6B染色体上,这些位点可能是决定西农系列品种区别于其他品种的重要遗传位点;所有参试材料共含有1445个相同的SNP位点,集中在2D和3B染色体上。

Allelic Type Analysis of Important Genes in Key Varieties from Huanghuai Wheat Area and Exploration of Its Elite Alleles in the Whole Genome

In order to understand the vernalization and photoperiod characteristics of some key wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat area,especially the Xinong series varieties at molecular level,and figure out the distribution of the dwarf genes and Fusarium head blight resistant gene Fhb1 and the distribution of excellent loci in the whole genome of those varieties,64 wheat varieties,including Xinong 979,Xinong 511 and other key cultivars planted in Huanghuai wheat area in recent years,used as experimental materials,were detected by molecular markers and wheat 35K chips. The results showed that 13 varieties contained dominant vernalization gene Vrn-D1(20.3%),and three materials contained dominant gene Vrn-B1(4.7%),but no dominant gene Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B3 were detected; 62 materials except for Chinese Spring and Ningchun 45 contained photoperiod insensitive type Ppd-D1a; nine materials carry dwarf gene Rht-B1b,and 28 materials carry Rht-D1b; 35 materials carry dwarf gene Rht8,and both Rht-D1b and Rht-8 were found in 15 materials; Fhb1 was found in Sumai 3 and Lankao 198. The results of microarray analysis showed that the Xinong series cultivars were closely related and contained 1 049 specific SNPs,which were concentrated on chromosomes 2A and 6B. These loci might be important genetic loci that determine the difference between Xinong series cultivars and those from other regions. These information provide a reference for understanding the genetic characteristics and breeding selection of Xinong series varieties and other backbone varieties in Huang-huai wheat area.