Hepatic coccidiosis in two pet rabbits |
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| Institution: | 1. Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Institute of Pathology, Wild Animals, Fish and Bees, Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA;2. University of Miami, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA;3. Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria;4. University Hospital for Small Animals, Internal Medicine of Small Animals, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria;1. Clinic for Small Mammals, Reptiles and Birds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany;2. Clinic of Small Animals, Posthausen, Germany;3. Institute for Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Hepatic coccidiosis is a frequent disease in rabbits. However, limited information is available pertaining to hematology, biochemistry, and ultrasonography of the liver in naturally infected rabbits. Two young emaciated rabbits presented with diarrhea. Microscopic fecal examination identified ellipsoidal oocysts. Eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, globulin, and gamma-glutamyl transferase, and decreased serum albumin, amylase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine were detected. Ultrasonography showed mild ascites, an enlarged liver with heterogeneous parenchyma, dilated hepatic blood vessels, and dilated bile ducts. Despite treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and toltrazuril both rabbits died. Necropsy revealed ascites and an enlarged liver with multiple yellowish nodules. Histologically, distended bile ducts almost completely replaced the hepatic parenchyma, and numerous coccidial gametocytes and oocytes were observed. Microscopic fecal examination, hematology, biochemistry, and ultrasonography of the liver can contribute to diagnose of hepatic coccidiosis. |
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