太湖梅梁湾沉积物中的重金属生物可利用性及生态风险评价

[目的]研究太湖梅梁湾沉积物中重金属的污染状况和生态风险。[方法]对重金属总量和生物有效浓度进行了分析,采用发光细菌法进行了沉积物毒性研究,并对重金属环境风险进行了评价。[结果]梅梁湾沉积物中Cr处于无污染状态,Zn、Cu、Pb和Ni属于轻度污染水平。DGT测定的有效态浓度和释放通量结果表明,Ni、Zn和Cu的生物可利用性高于Cd和Pb。发光细菌毒性测试和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数评价也表明,梅梁湾沉积物不具有生物毒性,属于低生态风险。[结论]需对梅梁湾沉积物中的Ni污染进行控制。

Bioavailability and Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Meiliang Bay Sediments

[Objective] In order to evaluate heavy metal concentration,bioavailability and ecological risk in surface sediment of Meiliang Bay,Taihu Lake.[Method] Total and bioavailable of metal concentrations of the sediments were analyzed.Photobacterium were used to evaluate the toxicity of the sediment.Potential ecological risk index were used to evaluate the ecological risk of heavy metal pollution.[Result] The results showed that Cr did not have any pollution and Zn,Cu,Pb and Ni caused slight pollution in the sediment of Meiliang Bay.Labile metals concentrations and flux quantified by diffusive gradients in thin films （DGT） showed that Ni,Zn and Cu bioavailability were higher than Cd and Pb.The bioluminescence assay showed no acute toxicity and the ecological risk assessed by Hakanson potential ecological risk index showed the potential ecological risks of these heavy metals are of low levelin Meiliang Bay.[Conclusion] It is recommended that Ni contamination in sediments of Meiliang Bay should be controlled.