极端嗜盐古菌嗜盐特性研究及在废水处理中的应用

目的]探讨极端嗜盐古菌的生理生化特性、最适生长条件以及对苯酚的降解效果。方法]以一株盐生盐杆菌SYGJ-1为研究对象,分析了极端嗜盐古菌的生理生化特性以及不同生长条件(盐度、温度、pH)对其生长情况的影响,并探讨了该菌对苯酚的降解效果。结果]极端嗜盐古菌SYGJ-1的最适盐度为19%,盐度17%或者25%时,生长量急剧下降;SEM图片表明,菌体在最适盐度时呈饱满短杆状,盐度小于15%时菌体呈球状,在盐度大于29%时会同时出现球状及长杆状菌体;最适温度为37℃,对数生长期为12~66 h;适宜pH范围为6.8~9.0;在苯酚浓度200 mg/L的培养基中生长良好,此时对苯酚的去除效率约为40%。结论]极端嗜盐菌可有效降解有机污染物,并且菌体生长量与降解效率呈正相关。

Study on the Halophilic Characteristics of Halobacteria and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment

Objective] The study aimed to discuss the physiological and biochemical characteristics,optimal growth conditions and degradation efficiency of haloarchaea to phenol.Method] Physiological and biochemical characteristics of an extremely halophilic archaea called SYGJ-1 was analyzed firstly,and then the effects of salinity,temperature and pH on its growth were studied,finally its degradation efficiency to phenol was discussed.Result] The optimal salinity for SYGJ-1 growth is 19％,and there is a sharp decline in growth when salinity is ＜17％ or ＞ 25％.SEM images show that the bacteria shows full short rod as salinity is the optimum; it is spherical when salinity is low than 15％ ; spherical and long rod-shaped bacteria can be found at the same time.The optimum temperature is 37 ℃,and the logarithmic phase is 12-66 h.Suitable pH range is from 6.8 to 9.0.In the medium with phenol concentration of ＜200 mg/L,SYGJ-1 grows well,and the removal rate of phenol is about 40％.Conclusion] The extreme halophilic bacteria can effectively degrade organic pollutants,and the degradation efficiency of phenol has a positive relation with its growth.