基于GIS的东港市滨海湿地景观格局演变研究

以东港市2000年和2010年2期遥感影像为基础数据,在遥感和GIS技术支持下,并运用土地利用转移矩阵和景观格局指数模型,对东港市滨海湿地10年间景观格局的动态变化进行定量分析。结果表明:东港市滨海湿地的主导景观类型为水田和海水养殖;10年间滨海湿地景观面积大幅度缩减,共有44.62 km2滨海湿地流失,其中沼泽景观和滩涂景观面积减少最多,河流和水库坑塘的面积略有减少,海水养殖和水田的面积大幅度增加。10年间研究区湿地景观斑块数不断增加,景观异质性上升和湿地资源的减少必将导致湿地诸多生态功能的下降,使得研究区生态环境恶化,从而严重影响东港市的经济发展。

Landscape Pattern Evolvement of the Coastal Wetland in Donggang City Based on GIS

With the remote sensing data of Donggang City in 2000 and 2010 as the basic data, under the support of RS and GIS, and utilizing transfer Matrix model and landscape pattern index model, the dynamic variation over ten-year period of landscape pattern of Donggang City was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the major landscape types are paddy field and maricuhure. Within 10 years the area of coastal wetlamt landscape declined to a greater extent, with the loss of 44.62 km^2 , among which are mainly marsh and beach, and with the slightly decline of river and reservoir. The rapidly increase of paddy fields and maricuhure areas are mainly due to the fact that people turn the natural wetlands into the artificial wetlands for the purpose of economy. Within 10 years the number of plaque of landscape pattern of the coastal wet-land within the researeh area was going up, and the inerease of landseape heterogeneity and decrease of wetland resource and wetland land-scape heterogeneity has inevitably brought out the decline of many ecologieal functions of wetland, which has worsen the ecological environ-ment of research area, and indeed has seriously affected the environmental development of Douggang City.