葡萄叶片表皮气孔与霜霉病的抗性研究

采用室内离体接种结合田间自然发病调查，研究了8个葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性，结果表明，不同品种对葡萄霜霉病的抗性差异较大，高妻、夏黑、醉人香及矢富罗莎对霜霉病表现抗病(R)，奥古斯特、红地球及贵妃玫瑰对霜霉病表现感病(S)，瑞比尔表现高感(HS)。对8个葡萄品种的叶片表皮气孔观察表明，不同品种叶片气孔大小、密度不同。气孔密度由大到小依次为奥古斯特、矢富罗莎、夏黑、贵妃玫瑰、高妻、醉人香、红地球、瑞必尔。气孔的开张面积从大到小依次为醉人香、高妻、贵妃玫瑰、红地球、夏黑、奥古斯特、瑞必尔、矢富罗莎。各品种叶片气孔的密度及大小与霜霉病的抗性未表现出一定规律。

Relationship between Stoma of Grape leaves and Resistance to Plasmopara viticola

By indoor natural disease in vitro inoculation and field survey, the resistances to downy mildew of eight grape varieties were studied. The results showed that the resistances to downy mildew differed a lot among varieties. Takqtsuma, Summer black, Zuirenxiang and Yatomi Rosa were resistant (R) to downy mildew; Auguste, Red globe and Guifeimeigui were susceptible (S) to downy mildew disease, Ribier performed high susceptible (HS). At the same time, the observation results of leaf epidermal stomata of eight grape varieties showed that the stomatal size and density of different grape varieties were different. The number of stomata per unit area is in the order from more to less: Auguste - Yatomi Rosa - Summer black - Guifeimeigui - Takqtsuma- Zuirenxiang - Red globe - Ribier. The stomatal openings range from large to small in the order of Zuirenxiang - Takqtsuma - Guifeimeigui - Red globe - Summer black - Auguste - ribier- Yatomi Rosa. The density and size of stoma did not show certain regularity with the resistance of downy mildew.