寒地水稻不同灌排技术的面源污染负荷研究

为探索适合寒地水稻生产的减少面源污染途径,选择控灌、湿润灌、间歇灌、浅晒浅灌等4种水稻灌排技术,并配置5个施肥水平,开展了20个处理的重复试验。试验结果表明:地表排水控灌、湿润灌、间歇灌、浅晒浅灌的全氮、全磷流失负荷分别为0.410 g/100 m2和0.359 g/100 m2、0.520 g/100 m2和0.371 g/100 m2、0.601 g/100 m2和0.378 g/100 m2、1.736 g/100 m2和1.625 g/100 m2;地下渗漏全氮、全磷流失负荷分别为13.578 g/100 m2和3.912 g/100 m2、13.504 g/100 m2和3.852 g/100 m2、20.238 g/100 m2和6.196 g/100 m2、29.840 g/100 m2和12.972 g/100 m2。控灌灌排技术对地表水体和地下水体的面源污染最小。

Non-point Pollution Load under Different Irrigation and Drainage Technologies of Paddy Rice in Cold Area

In order to reduce non-point pollution of paddy rice in cold area , controlled irrigation , wetting irrigation , intermittent irrigation , shallow irrigation were used , followed by five fertilizer levels and twenty experimental treatments. The results showed that the loss load of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in surface drainage of controlled irrigation , wetting irrigation , intermittent irrigation , shallow irrigation were 0.410 g/100 m 2 and 0.359 g/100 m 2, 0.520 g/100 m 2 and 0.371 g/100 m 2, 0.601 g/100 m 2 and 0.378 g/100 m 2, 1.736 g/100 m 2 and 1.625 g/100 m 2 respectively. The loss load of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in underground leakage were 13.578 g/100 m 2 and 3.912 g/100 m 2, 13.504 g/100 m 2 and 3.852 g/100 m 2, 20.238 g/100 m 2 and 6.196 g/100 m 2, 29.840 g/100 m 2 and 12.972 g/100 m 2 respectively. The non-point pollution of controlled irrigation to surface drainage and underground leakage was the least.