不同肥料对玉泉冬枣光合特性及果实品质的影响

以玉泉冬枣为试材,设4种施肥处理:A,株施生物菌剂1 kg+硫基复合肥0.5 kg;B,株施生物菌肥1 kg+硫基复合肥0.5 kg;C,株施生物菌肥0.5 kg+生物菌剂0.5 kg+硫基复合肥0.5 kg;D,株施腐熟鸡粪1.0 kg+硫基复合肥0.5 kg,研究不同肥料对玉泉冬枣光合特性与品质的影响。结果表明:玉泉冬枣生长季节的净光合速率季度平均值以B处理最高,C处理的最低;B处理的单果质量(17.09 g)最大,单位面积产量(14 025 kg/hm~2)最高;B处理的还原糖含量(10.34%)和可溶性固形物含量(22.8%)最高,A处理的糖(固)酸比(41.25/89.58)最高,D处理的V–C含量(4.33 mg/g)最高,C处理的可滴定酸含量(0.28%)最高;品质综合评价模型分析表明,B处理的得分(1.824 6)最高,品质最佳,C处理的得分(–0.329 9)最低,品质最差;各处理的果实产量、品质排序与整个生育期净光合速率的平均值大小排序一致。综合试验结果,B处理对改善玉泉冬枣的光合作用及提高果实产量和品质的效果较好。

Effects of different fertilizers on phytosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of Yuquandongzaose(Ziziphusngzaoalit)

Yuquandongzao was used as material, four treatments, A (1.0 kg bio–bacterial agents(BBA) and 0.5kg S–based compound fertilizer per tree), B(1.0 kg bio–bacterial manure(BBM) and 0.5 kg S–based compound fertilizer per tree), C( 0.5 kg BBA, 0.5 kg BBM and 0.5 kg S–based compound fertilizer per tree) and D(1.0 kg rot chicken manure (RCM) and 0.5 kg S–based compound fertilizer per tree), were designed to studythe effects of fertilizations on phytosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of Yuquandongzao. The results showed that the treatment B had the highest average Pn while the treatment C had the lowest average Pn in growing seasons. The treatment B had the biggest single fruit weight of 17.09 g per fruit and the highest yield of 14025 kg per hectare. The fruits of treatment B had the highest content (10.34%) of reducing sugar and soluble solids (22.8%). The fruits of treatment B had the highest ratio (41.25/89.58) of sugar (soluble solids) to acid. The fruits of treatment D had the highest content (4.33 mg/g) of vitamin C. The fruits of treatment C had the highest content titratable acid of 0.28%. The principal component analysis to integrated model of fruit quality showed that the fruits of treatment B had the highest score of 1.8246 and the best quality, while the fruits of treatment C had the lowest score of –0.3299 and the worst quality. The sequence of the yield and quality of the treatments were consistent with the sequence of the quarterly average of the net photosynthetic rate in the growing season. According to the comprehensive results, the effect of B treatment on improving the photosynthesis and fruit yield and quality of Yuquandongzao was the best.