不同油脂对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究不同油脂对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响。选取1日龄罗斯308肉鸡3 600只,随机分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复300只,公、母各半。1～7 d,各处理组肉鸡饲喂相同日粮(豆油水平相同);7 d后日粮分别添加相同水平(中期3%和后期5%)的豆油、鸭油、棕榈油、米糠油。试验期37 d。结果表明:各处理组肉鸡各阶段及全期生长性能无显著差异(P>0.05);与豆油组相比,其他油脂有升高全期肉鸡耗料增重比和胸肌率的趋势(P<0.1);各处理组肉鸡胴体出成率无显著差异(P>0.05),但棕榈油组肉鸡胴体出成率最高,腹脂率最低;豆油组鸡胸肌离心损失最大,米糠油组胸肌滴水损失最大,肉品质较差;棕榈油组硫代巴比妥酸值和剪切力最小,且胸肌亮度和黄度较低,肉品质较好。综上所述,日粮中使用豆油有利于改善肉鸡生长性能,使用棕榈油能够提高胴体出成率和胸肌率,降低腹脂沉积,对肉品质有一定的改善作用。

Effect of Different Dietary Fat Sources on Performance,Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Broilers

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary fat sources on performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers. 3 600 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers was randomly divided into 4 groups(3 for each treatment, 300 for each replicate). Birds in each group were fed with the same diets from 1 to 7 of age, with the same level of soybean oil. From the 7 th day, birds in each treatment were fed diets with soybean oil, duck fat, palm oil and rice bran oil,respectively. The experiment periods were 37. Results showed that there was no significant effect on broiler performance in each phases and the whole experiment among groups(P>0.05). From 1 to 37, birds fed diets with soybean oil had the lowest FCR, compared with other three groups. Breast meat in soybean oil group had the highest centrifugal loss,while meat centrifugal loss in rice bran oil group was the lowest. There was no significant difference in meat TBA values and shear force among each group, but meat in palm oil group was more tender than that of other groups, which indicated better meat quality in palm oil group. Moreover, meat in palm oil group had lower L* and b values than that of the other groups, though the difference was not significant(P>0.05). In conclusion, soybean oil had better effect on improving birds performance, while palm oil was benefit for breast deposit and meat quality.