中国茸鹿品种(品系)的生态种特征

采用实地测定、考察和生物统计等方法对我国5个茸鹿优良品种（品系）：双阳、长白山、西丰、清原和乌兰坝品种（品系）的自然地理概况、体外形貌、夏季被毛、体质量体尺、体尺指数、茸与茸尺、群体产茸性能等生态种特征进行了较为全面系统的研究，得出的大量数据资料表明：5个茸鹿品种（品系）形成的产地都具有良好的气候条件和丰富的饲料资源；夏季被毛颜色与色斑，鹿茸形态与特征，体型等存在差异；鲜茸平均单产以清原品系最高，乌兰坝品种的次之，二者属高产茸鹿品种（品系）；西丰品种、长白山品系和双阳品种的鲜茸平均单产接近，是梅花鹿中的高产品种或品系群；以鹿茸鲜干比为标准，鹿茸的肥嫩：清原＞双阳＞乌兰坝＞长白山＞西丰；饲料转化效率均较未选育群体大大提高。

The Characteristics of Ecological Species of Velvet - deer Breeds or Strains in China

The characteristics of ecological species of five excellent velvet-deer breeds or strains (Shuangyang, Changbaishan, Xifeng, Qingyuan and Wulanba) in China were analysed systematically by measurement at site, investigation and biological statistics. A vast amount of scientific data was obtained on natural geographic conditions, body appearance, epidermis hair in summer, body weight and measurements, body measurements indices, velvet antler, velvet measurements, population parameters of velvet-yield performance, etc. On the basis of the data in this study, the results indicate that there are excellent climate conditions and rich feedstuff resources in the habitat of the five deer breeds or strains; they have clear diversities in epidermis hair(summer), color & spot, shape of velvet and body type; Qingyuan is the highest output in average individual weight of fresh velvet, Wulanba is the second, and these two breeds(strains) are the highest output populations among velvet-yield deer species; Shuangyang, Changbaishan and Xifeng are almost similar in the average individual output of fresh velvet, and they are the highest output populations in sika deer species. If taking the ratio of fresh to dry velvet as a standard, the velvet grade of luxuriant and tender are Qingyuan>Shuangyang>Wulanba>Changbaishan>Xifeng. The efficiency of feed utilization of the five breeds or strains is higher than that of unselected populations.