海南顶部半开口式大型薄膜温室环境参数研究

对海南地区顶部半开口式大型薄膜温室内外四季光强、温度、相对湿度等环境参数进行了测试分析，以探究顶部半开口式大型薄膜温室在海南地区环境的适应性。结果表明:夏秋季遮阳效果较好，15:00后宜关闭遮阳网。冬春季全天均需关闭遮阳网或适当人工补光。夏季午间温室出现39.3 ℃的极端高温，冬春季室内温度较为适宜。白天夏季温室内不同高度间温差较明显，其余三季平均温度在不同高度间差异较小。同时，温室内四季平均相对湿度均大于室外，其中，春秋冬季室内平均相对湿度随高度升高而降低，温室内相对湿度呈梯度变化。夜间由于四季平均温度在不同高度间差异较小，各高度间平均相对湿度基本相等。由此可见，顶部半开口式大型薄膜温室在试验期间温室内部环境相对稳定，利于实现温室内作物周年生产。

Environment Parameters of a Large Film Greenhouse with a Semi-open Top in Hainan

A large film greenhouse with a semi-open top in Lingshui, Hainan was used to determine its environment parameters such as indoor and outdoor temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity during four seasons to explore its adaptability for annual crop production in tropical area. The findings show that the shading net in the greenhouse was effective in summer and autumn when closed at 15:00. The shading net was closed in winter and spring, or even supplemented with artificial light. The temperature in the greenhouse was 39.3 ℃ at maximum at noon in summer while it was appropriate in winter and spring. The indoor temperature at different heights of the greenhouse varied obviously in summer, but less in the other three seasons. The indoor average relative humidity in the four seasons was higher than the outdoor. The average relative humidity decreased with height and had a stepwise change in all seasons except summer. At night the average relative humidity in the four seasons was almost the same due to low difference of the temperature between heights. In conclusion, the large film greenhouse with semi-open top has a relatively stable environment which is conducive to annual production of crops in the greenhouse during the experiment.