浅灰链霉菌CGMCC1370及其代谢产物除草活性研究

从上海附近海岛中分离得到放线菌70014,其发酵液在多次生物活性筛选中表现出较好的除草活性。对该菌株的培养特征、生理生化指标、细胞壁以及16S rDNA基因序列分析后,确定其为链霉菌属浅灰链霉菌Streptomyces griseolus中的一员。采用溶剂萃取、硅胶层析分离及制备型高效液相色谱等手段得到一个主要活性化合物SPRI-70014。通过对该化合物的理化性质及波谱学分析,确定其结构为2-[2-(3,5-二甲基-2-氧-环已基)-6-氧-四氢吡喃-4-基]-乙酰胺。尽管其结构与文献报道的具有骨质再吸收抑制活性的抗生素A75934的一致,但首次发现其具有除草活性。种子萌发试验结果表明,在1 mg/L质量浓度下,该化合物可彻底抑制多种供试作物种子的萌发。盆栽试验发现,在有效成分75 g/hm2剂量下,其对供试阔叶杂草的抑制率高达96.0% ~100.0%。其对千金子Leptochloa chinenesis (L.) Ness、牛筋草Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.、反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus L.和鳢肠Eclipta prostrate L.的鲜重ED90值分别为143.29、146.94、80.88及小于9.37 g/hm2。作物安全性试验结果表明,即使在2 000 g/hm2下其对花生和小麦依然安全。

Study of Streptomyces griseolus CGMCC 1370 and its herbicidal metabolite

In the course of screening novel pesticides or leading compounds from microorganisms,an actinomyces strain 70014 was isolated from the soil sample collected in an island near Shanghai.The metabolites of the strain showed high herbicidal activity to various broad-leaved and gramineous weeds.According to its culture characters,biochemistal characters,the consist of cell wall and 16S rDNA sequence,the strain was identified as Streptomyces griseolus.The herbicidal activity compounds were isolated using solvent ...