新疆石油污染土壤植物修复特性研究

通过对芦苇(Phragmites australis)、柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)、沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia)修复新疆石油污染土壤效果的研究，结果表明：经过80 d的修复，石油烃去除率可达到26.50%～31.27%，明显高于空白的 15.57%～20.34%，其中，饱和烃去除效果最好，可达39.34%～46.18%。植物根际微生物分析表明，植物能够明显提高根际微生物数量，且3种植物的根土比（R/S）达到23～169。植物修复区明显改善土壤酶活性，且芦苇＞沙枣＞柽柳，过氧化氢酶活性、多酚氧化酶活性和脱氢酶活性分别是空白试验的1.12～1.34倍、1.63～1.91倍和1.56～1.73倍。研究结果将为新疆地区石油污染土壤修复技术开发提供理论和技术支持。

Study on Phytoremediation of Petroleum-polluted Soil in Xinjiang

In this study, the phytoremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil was researched for the first time by planting Phragmites australis, Tamarix chinensis and Elaeagnus angustifolia, and the phytoremediation effects of these plant species were compared. The result indicated that petroleum hydrocarbon of 26.50%-31.27% in petroleum-contaminated soil could be removed after the bioremediation was taken for 80 days, which was 15.57%-20.34% higher than that without taking the bioremediation. Saturated hydrocarbon removal was the best, and it could be up to 39.34%-46.18%. The analyzed results of microorganism in plant rhizosphere showed that the plant planting could significantly improve the amount of microorganism, and the root soil ratio of these three plant species was up to 23-169. The enzyme activity in soil was significantly improved in the plant planting experiment, and it was in an order of P. australis>E. angustifolia>T. chinensis. The activities of catalase, polyphenol oxidase and dehydrogenase were 1.12-1.34, 1.63-1.91 and 1.56-1.73 times of those without taking the bioremediation respectively. The results of this study will provide the theoretical and technical supports for developing the petroleum contaminated soil in Xinjiang.