不同培肥方式对伊犁新垦区淡灰钙土的熟化效果

针对伊犁新垦区淡灰钙土土壤肥力不高的特点,设计了4种土壤熟化处理措施（无施肥,CK;施氮磷钾肥,NPK;施氮磷钾+糠醛渣,NPKK;施氮磷钾+秸秆还田,NPKJ）,进行3 a定点试验。应用模糊数学（Fuzzy）综合评判法,计算不同熟化处理下土壤的综合肥力指数（IFI）。在不同熟化方式下,对比分析单项土壤肥力指标与综合肥力指数以及作物产量。结果表明：增施有机物对土壤养分含量均有提高,同时还可以有效降低土壤pH和土壤容重,其中以增施糠醛渣效果最明显;综合肥力评价表明,施氮磷钾+糠醛渣的土壤肥力综合指数最高,达0.826,施氮磷钾+秸秆还田高于单施氮磷钾肥或不施肥;增施有机物是提高土壤综合肥力的有效方法,但有机物中养分的释放存在一定延后性。

Analysis on the Effects of Different Fertilization Ways on Mellowness of Newly Reclaimed Light Sierozem in Ili,Xinjiang

n order to improve soil fertility of the newly reclaimed light sierozem in Ili,Xinjiang,five different fertilizing measures were taken and compared during a 3-year period.The fuzzy method was used as an integrated evaluation to calculate the values of integrated fertility index [WTBX](IFI).[WTBZ] The values of fertility index,IFI and crop yield under different fertilizing measures were compared.The results showed that soil fertility could be improved by applying organic fertilizer,especially by applying furfural residue,and soil pH value and soil volume weight could be reduced.The assessed results revealed that the value of IFI was the highest (0.826) when nitrogenous fertilizer,phosphatic fertilizer and potash fertilizer were applied with furfural residue,which revealed that this fertilizing measure was optimal to improve soil fertility.Application of organic material is an effective way of improving soil fertility,but the release of nutritive substance from organic material is relative slow.