清凉峰国家级自然保护区黄山玉兰(Yulania cylindrica)种群多样性调查与分析

以清凉峰国家级自然保护区黄山玉兰(Yulania cylindrica)为研究对象,对其种群分布、物种多样性、生活型与生境进行调查与分析。结果表明:保护区内黄山玉兰主要集中分布在干坑林区,数量相对不多;群落内共有50种植物(含变种),以蔷薇科(Rosaceae)、菊科(Asteraceae)、百合科(Liliaceae)、樟科(Lauraceae)为主,乔木层优势种是杉木(重要值43.86)与黄山玉兰(重要值25.81),灌木层优势种是阔叶箬竹(Indocalamus latifolius)(重要值17.06);群落垂直结构明显,物种生活型谱中高位芽占一半以上;群落内草本层的Simpson指数(0.897)、Shannon-Wiener指数(3.632),Pielou均匀度指数(1.234)均最高,乔木层的3个指数最低。综上所述,保护区内黄山玉兰资源较为珍稀,虽然目前群落结构较为稳定,但仍存在被群落内其他物种演替取代的可能,建议采取措施对其进行保护。

Investigation and Analysis of Yulania cylindrica in Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve

In this paper, the species distribution, species diversity, life type and habitat of Yulania cylindrica in Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve were investigated and analyzed. The results show that:(1) Yulania cylindrica are mainly concentrated in the dry pit forest area, and the number is relatively small;(2) there are 50 species in the community, including Rosaceae, Asteraceae,Liliaceae and Lauraceae. The dominant species of tree layer are Cunninghamia lanceolata(IV=43.86) and Yulania cylindrica(IV=25.81), and the dominant species of shrub layer is Indocalamus latifolius(IV=17.06);(3) The vertical structure of the community is obvious, and the phanerophyte in the main community life-form spectrum accounts for more than half. The Simpson index(0.897), the Shannon-Wiener index(3.632), the Pielou evenness index(1.234) of the herb layer in the community are all the highest, and the 3 index of the tree layer is the lowest. In conclusion, the resources of Yulania cylindrica in the protected areas are relatively rare.Although the community structure is relatively stable at present, it is possible to be replaced by the other species in the community,and measures should be taken to protect them.