粳稻粒形遗传初步研究

以国内外8个不同粒形的粳稻品种及其56个正反交组合为材料，通过方差分析。杂种与父母本间相关分析和F2分离群体正态分布检验，结果表明，组合间粒厚差异不显著，而组合间粒长，粒宽，粒重差异均达显著水平；正反交间粒长差异显著，粒宽，粒厚，粒重差异不显著，说明粒长存在明显的细胞质效应，杂种谷粒长，宽，重与父，母本及中亲值呈正相关，而且与母本及父母本均值相关性均达显著水平；表明杂种的粒形性状受母本的影响更大，F1粒形多为双亲之间，且F2呈连续的正态分布，表明粒形属多基因控制的数量性状。

A Preliminary Study on Inheritance of Grain Shape Traits of Japonica Rice

The grain shape traits of eight japonica rice varieties from different countries and their 56 hybrids were studied by way of analysis of variance, correlation between hybrids and their parents, normal distribution test in segregating F 2 populations. The results showed that there was a significant difference in rice grain length, width and weight but not a significant difference in rice grain thickness among the F 1 hybrids. There was a significant difference in rice grain length but not a significant difference in rice grain width, thickness and weight between the hybrids and their reciprocals, indicating an apparent cytoplasmic effect on grain length. The correlation analysis on rice grain shape of 56 F 1 hybrids and their parents showed that there were positive correlations between F 1 hybrids and paternal, maternal, and mid parental values in rice grain shape traits. The coefficients of correlation between F 1 and paternal, maternal and mid parental values were 0.353 ** ,0.432 ** ,and 0.600 ** in rice grain length, 0.447 ** ,0.553 ** and 0.728 ** in grain weight, and 0.159, 0.470 ** and 0.477 ** in grain width, respectively. All of the correlation coefficients between F 1 and maternal, mid parental values were very significant, which suggests that F 1 hybrids are influenced more greatly by their female parents than by their male parents in grain shape traits. The rice grain shape traits of F 1 hybrids were generally between those of their parents and they were distributed continuously in normal curves in F 2 generation, showing that rice grain shape traits belong to quantitative characters and they are controlled by polygenes genetically.