育苗基质中腐熟牛粪用量对番茄、 甜瓜幼苗生长的影响

以草炭和蛭石(2:1,V:V)为原料,通过添加不同用量的腐熟牛粪研究了不同腐熟牛粪用量对番茄和甜瓜幼苗生长的影响,结果表明:不同用量腐熟牛粪的添加,使基质的容重、pH、电导率、有机质分别可增加15%～70%、3.7%～33.3%、62.1%～259%,、8.5%～81.9%;而总孔隙度显著降低,降低1.7%～12.9%.不同的植物对腐熟牛粪的需求不同.一定范围内甜瓜幼苗生长随牛粪用量的增加而长势旺盛,而番茄幼苗的生长表现却相反;与T5(添加25%牛粪)相比,甜瓜中T3(添加15%牛粪)的茎粗、株高、干物重、根冠比分别增加24.1%、26.7%、21.1%和10.6%;而番茄T1(添加5%牛粪)处理的茎粗、株高、干物重、根冠比分别增加23.5%、9.3%、36.4%和3.9%.

Effects of the Amount of Cow Manure Compost on the Seedling Growth of Tomato and Melon

Abstract: The trial with peat and vermiculite (V:V=2:1) as growing media, adding different amount of cow manure compost was carried out in order to study the effect of different amount of maturity cow manure compost on the seedling growth of tomato and melon. The result showed that: with different amount of added maturity cow manure compost, the bulk density, pH value, electrical conductivity, the organic matter content of growing media increased by 15%~70%, 3.7%~33.3%, 62.1%~259%, 8.5%~81.9% respectively. But total porosity reduced by 1.7%~12.9% obviously. In a certain range, with an increase of amount of cow manure compost, the melon seeding growth increased, but the tomato seedling showed opposite symptoms. As compared with adding 25% cow manure compost in growing media, in treatment T3 (adding 15% cow manure compost) the stem diameter, height, dry weight, root/shoot ratio of melon increased by 24.1%, 26.7%, 21.1%, 10.6% respectively; and in treatment T1 (adding 5% cow manure compost) the stem diameter, height, dry weight of tomato increased by 23.5%, 9.3%, 36.4%, 3.9% respectively.