泰国—缅甸边境地区珠芽魔芋资源分布及利用现状

泰国达府、北碧府及缅甸孟邦、克伦邦及德林达依省2国狭窄边境地带是全球16个混杂珠芽魔芋核心分布区。泰国占总量的10%~15%,缅甸占85%~90%。其中,4个具特异性、一致性及稳定性栽培种,葡甘聚糖含量高、生物产量高、粘度大,适宜东南亚低海拔高温高湿环境规模种植。该区域大面积橡胶林、柚木林为珠芽魔芋提供了天然遮荫蔽护,林下高矮套种模式能为2国魔芋增产带来巨大空间。

Distribution and Development of Amorphophallus Resources in the Border Regions Between Thailand and Myanmar

The narrow region between Tak and Kanchanaburi in Thailand and Mon state, Karen state and Tanintharyi division in Myanmar was believed as a global natural core area distributed with Amorphophallus spp. Thailand accounted for 10%~15% of the total Amorphophallus resource in this narrow region, and Myanmar accounted for 85%~90%. Among the A morphophallus species, four yielded high and contained high content of glucomannan and high viscosity. They were cultivars with distinctness, uniformity and stability and were suitable for cultivation in low altitude areas with high temperature and humidity in Southeast Asia. They were tolerant to shade. There are large rubber and teak plantations in these areas where four Amorphophallus species can be used as intercrops to increase the output of Amorphophallus spp. in Thailand and Myanmar.