广州地区芥蓝、菜心和普通白菜中丙环唑和矮壮素残留及膳食暴露风险

为探明广州地区丙环唑和矮壮素在叶菜的残留以及膳食暴露风险情况,对2016年第2季度广州市9个区农贸市场和超市的芥蓝、菜心和普通白菜样品中丙环唑和矮壮素残留水平进行了分析。应用点评估和基于@Risk评估软件的概率评估方法 ,对这3种蔬菜中丙环唑和矮壮素残留膳食暴露风险进行了研究。结果显示,芥蓝、菜心、普通白菜中丙环唑残留均值为0.162 8~0.002 8 mg/kg,最高为芥蓝,与菜心和普通白菜差异显著,平均检出率为100%~70.25%,最高为芥蓝,与普通白菜差异显著。矮壮素残留平均值为0.010 9~0.001 0 mg/kg,最高为菜心,三者间差异不显著,平均检出率为14.99%~8.46%,最高为芥蓝,三者间差异不显著。通过膳食摄入3种蔬菜,丙环唑残留暴露急性风险熵为1.81~7.93,99%人群暴露慢性风险熵为1.02~25.03,0.1%人群存在芥蓝丙环唑膳食暴露慢性风险;矮壮素残留暴露急性风险熵为55.14~62.26,100%人群暴露慢性风险熵为3.26~8.11。3种蔬菜中丙环唑和矮壮素残留膳食暴露风险在可接受范围。

Residue and Dietary Exposure Risk Assessment of Propiconazole and Chlormequat in Chinese Kale, Flowering Chinese Cabbage and Pak-Choi in Guangzhou

In order to evaluate the residue distribution and dietary exposure risk of propiconazole and chlormequat in leaf vegetables of Guangzhou,Chinese kales,flowering Chinese cabbages and pak-chois samples from markets of 9 districts in the second quarter of 2016 were collected and studied.Dietary exposure risks of propiconazole and chlormequat residue were assessed with point evaluation and@Risk.Results showed that the average value of propiconazole residue was between 0.002 8 and 0.162 8 mg/kg,in which Chinese kale was the highest and significantly different from flowering Chinese cabbage and pak-choi.The average detection rate of propiconazole was between 70.25％ and 100％,in which Chinese kale was the highest and significantly different from pak-choi.The average value of chlormequat residue was between 0.001 0 and 0.010 9 mg/kg,in which flowering Chinese cabbage was the highest and there was no significant difference among the three studied vegetables.The detection rate of chlormequat was between 8.46％ and 14.99％,in which Chinese kale was the highest and there was no significant difference among the three studied vegetables.The acute dietary exposure risk quotient of propiconazole was 1.81-7.93,while the chronic dietary exposure risk quotient was 1.02-25.03 for 99％ eater consumers.Propiconazole residue in Chinese kale showed chronic dietary exposure risk to 0.1％ eater.The acute dietary exposure risk quotient of chlormequat was 55.14-62.26,while the chronic dietary exposure risk quotient was 3.26-8.11 for 100％ eater.The results suggest that dietary exposure risks of propiconazole and chlormequat residue in three vegetables are acceptable.