海南省水资源开发利用特点及主要水资源问题

为正确认识海南省水资源开发利用特点及在开发利用过程中存在的主要问题,对海南省水资源开发利用(供水、用水、耗水、水资源利用、开发利用程度)进行了详细分析,指出海南省水资源特点:总量丰富,人均占有量多;时空分布不均,年际年内差异大;抗扰能力差,天然存蓄能力弱;供给需求不同步,对工程依赖程度高。水资源开发利用过程中存在的主要问题:用水效率较低,局部供需矛盾并存;水利基础设施不完善,抵御自然灾害防御能力有限;用水计量制度不健全,水费征收困难;地下水漏斗存在,污废水排放未得到有效遏制。文中还针对存在的问题给出了相关建议。

Characteristics of and Problems from Development and Utilization of Water Resources in Hainan Province

In order to have a good understanding of the characteristics of and the main problems from exploitation and utilization of water resources in Hainan Province, the development and utilization of water resources (water supply, water use, water consumption, water utilization and quality) were analyzed. The water resources were rich in total amount and per capita, unevenly distributed in space and time, highly different within a year and between years, poor in resistance to natural interference, weak in natural storage, inconsistent in supply and demand, highly dependent on construction works. The main problems arising from the water development included low efficiency of water use with contradiction in local supply and demand; limited capability of withstanding natural disasters because of the imperfect construction works for water resources;difficulty in collection of water fees due to poor availability of water metering system;existence of groundwater funnels with discharge of sewage and waste water. Some suggestions on solution to the problems were put forward.