新疆及周边地区糜子种质资源表型多样性分析

收集新疆及周边14个地区糜子种质资源,分析农艺性状的遗传多样性,同时运用主成分分析和聚类分析方法对其进行综合评价。结果表明,不同糜子种质资源表型性状变异丰富,变异系数为12.37%~91.40%;遗传多样性指数较大,变幅在0.410~0.809;主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分代表了14份糜子资源的表型性状80.020%的信息,其贡献率分别为36.414%、20.713%、8.546%、7.476%、6.870%。聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离为12.5时,14个地区糜子材料被聚为2类,第1类以中国新疆北部和哈萨克斯坦糜子为主,这一类为矮秆、单株产量高、叶片短而窄,可作为高产选育目标的亲本材料;第2类以中国陕西、甘肃和新疆南部糜子聚为一类,此类为高秆、茎秆干重高、叶片长而宽,可作为饲草材料。

Phenotypic Diversity of Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang and Its Surrounding Areas

This study collected the germplasm resources of proso millet in Xinjiang and its surrounding areas. The genetic diversity of agronomic traits was analyzed. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted using principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods. The results of data analysis showed that the phenotypic traits of proso millet germplasm resources were highly variable, with coefficients of variation ranging from 12.37% to 91.40%; the genetic diversity index was relatively large, ranging from 0.410-0.809. The principal component analysis results showed that the first five main species composition represented 80.020% of information on the phenotypic traits of 14 scorpion resources, and their contribution rates were 36.414%, 20.713%, 8.546%, 7.476%, and 6.870%, respectively. The results of cluster analysis indicated that when the genetic distance was 12.5, the 14 species of proso millet were clustered into 2 categories. The first category was mainly proso millet in the northern Xinjiang, China and the Kazakhstan in which the leaves were short and narrow which can be used as the parent material for high-yielding breeding purposes. The second group was proso mille in Shaanxi, Gansu and southern Xinjiang, China, and they were of high culms, high grass weight, and long and wide leaves, which could be used as grass material.