番茄疮痂病病原菌分类、抗性遗传和分子标记辅助选择进展

番茄疮痂病是世界上所有番茄种植地区主要的细菌性病害之一，该病能引起严重的产量损失和品质下降，几十年来一直受到育种界的关注。由于该病病原菌存在多个种和小种以及对该病的抗性呈数量性状遗传，因此通过育种途径来改良抗性进展缓慢。分子标记辅助选择为育种家筛选、聚合或累加对多个小种的抗性提供了一种工具。以前的综述对1997年以前在病害的发生、症状、危害、综合防治、遗传分析和育种等方面的研究进行了较为详尽的总结。近年来，在病原菌种与小种的鉴定、抗源的发掘、抗性遗传的分子定位和分子标记辅助选择方面的研究取得了很大进展，传统育种与分子生物学方法有机结合的策略也初见成效。本文将对这些进展进行总结，并对分子标记在番茄疮痂病抗性育种中的应用前景进行讨论。

Recent Advances in Classification of Tomato Bacterial Spot Pathogen, Genetics of Resistance, and Marker-Assisted Selection

Bacterial spot is one of the most important bacterial diseases in tomato growing areas in the world. It causes severe yield and fruit quality losses, and thus has been receiving breeding attention for decades. Due to the existence of multiple species and races, and the quantitative inheritance of resistance, breeding for resistance to the pathogen has been slow. Marker-assisted selection provides breeders a tool to screen resistance to multiple races and to combine or pyramid multiple resistances into one variety or hybrid. Previous reviews provide detailed information about the disease including occurrence, symptoms, damages caused by the disease, integrated managements, the genetics of resistance, and breeding progress up to 1997. Since then, progress has been made to detect new species and races of the pathogen, discover new resistance sources, and identify molecular markers linked to genes conferring resistance to bacterial spot. The strategy of combining molecular tools with traditional breeding approach is also beginning to demonstrate progress. In this review, we will summarize these progresses and discuss the promise of marker-assisted selection in breeding for resistance to bacterial spot.