大豆黄酮对母鸡蛋品质及后代仔鸡肉品质的影响

本文旨在研究添喂大豆黄酮对母鸡蛋品质及后代仔鸡肉品质的影响.试验选取产蛋后期肉种鸡480只,随机分为2组,每组设8个重复.试验组在基础日粮中添喂10 mg/kg的大豆黄酮,第5周后收集种蛋,每组随机取30枚做蛋品质分析,剩余种蛋按正常程序孵化,出雏后饲养至63日龄,宰杀取肌肉做肉品质分析.结果表明母鸡饲喂大豆黄酮后,蛋壳厚度和蛋壳比重分别增加了0.03 mm(P ＜ 0.01)和0.45%(P ＜ 0.05);蛋白的Haugh单位增加了4(P ＜ 0.05);入孵蛋出雏率和受精蛋出雏率分别降低了11.5%和8.3%(P ＜ 0.05).添喂大豆黄酮对后代仔鸡生长无显著影响,但显著降低了雌仔鸡肌肉比重和肌肉的蒸煮损失率(P ＜ 0.05),显著降低雄仔鸡肌肉的滴水损失率(P ＜ 0.05);显著增加胸肌黄度(P ＜ 0.05);但对腿肌的快慢肌纤维比例、纤维密度以及快慢肌纤维的横截面积均无显著影响(P ＞ 0.05).以上结果提示10 mg/kg剂量的大豆黄酮应慎用于种蛋禽上,而在商品蛋禽上则具有良好的应用前景.

Effects of Dietary Daidzein on Egg Quality and Meat Quality of the Offspring of Broiler Breed Hens during the Late Period of Laying Cycle

The effects of dietary daidzein on broiler breeders during the late periods of the laying cycle on egg quality,hatching rate and meat quality of the offspring chickens were studied.Broiler breeders feed a basal-diet(n=240,8 replicates,control) or the basal diet supplemented with 10 mg/kg daidzein(n=240,8 replicates,daidzein).The laying rate was increased over the whole investigation with the daidzein treatment.Egg quality analysis showed that eggshell thickness and relative weight of eggshell to the whole egg increased 0.03 mm(P < 0.01) and 0.45%(P < 0.05),respectively,in daidzein group.Compared with the control group,egg Haugh unit increased significantly in daidzein group by 4 units(P < 0.05).The hatching rate of fecundated eggs and hatched eggs were decreased by 11.5% and 8.3% after daidzein supplementation,respectively(P < 0.05).Although postnatal growth of the offspring chickens from 1 to 63 days of age was not significantly affected,maternal daidzein supplementation tended to reduce the muscle mass of female chicken.As the breast muscle and leg muscle,the rate of cooking loss24 and drip loss24 were significantly decreased,and the yellowness of breast muscle was significantly increased by daidzein treatment(P < 0.05),while the ratio of myofiber types were not changed.The results suggested that maternal diet supplemented with 10 mg/kg daidzein during late periods of the laying cycle of broiler breeders affect egg quality and meat quality of the offspring chickens.