基于3种水分控制条件的玉米品种抗旱性综合评价

基于大田试验、人工控制生长环境的旱棚与PEG模拟干旱胁迫的水培试验,对8个玉米品种成株期及苗期的抗旱性进行系统研究,调查分析了不同品种在3种水分控制条件下农艺性状、生理指标及产量表现,筛选出综合抗旱较好的品种。结果表明:通过2 a 5个试验点的大田试验和2 a旱棚试验筛选的抗旱性较强品种一致,分别为九圣禾2468、陕单650、联创825和MC703,在干旱和灌水条件下产量较高且抗旱指数较大,其中在大田条件下的抗旱指数分别为0.910、0.909、0.907和0.873,具有较短的散粉吐丝间隔期(ASI)、较高的SPAD值、较多的干物质等特点;水培试验通过相关指标隶属值筛选出的抗旱品种有陕单650、先玉335、九圣禾2468和MC703,隶属值分别为0.871、0.697、0.680和0.596,具有较发达的根系、较强的生理酶活性等特点。综合3种水分控制条件,结合第一性状(产量、抗旱指数)和第二性状(根系、ASI、生理)等指标的鉴定结果,筛选出稳定抗旱的玉米品种为MC703、九圣禾2468和陕单650。

Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance in maize varieties based on three water conditions

To identify the drought resistance ability for different maize varieties and select strong drought resistance varieties accurately, a systematic study about drought resistance was conducted at adult and seedling stages for 8 maize varieties based on field experiment, drought shed and PEG simulating drought stress hydroponic experiment. By investigating and analysis of agronomic characters, physiological indexes and yield characters under threecontrolled water conditions, varieties with better comprehensive drought resistance were screen out. These results showed, under 2 years 5 pilot field tests and 2 years dry shed experiments, the varieties including Jiushenghe 2468, Shandan 650, Lianchuang 825 and MC703 performed large drought resistance index (DRI) with higher yields under drought and irrigation conditions. The DRI for each variety was 0.910, 0.909, 0.907 and 0.873 in the field conditions respectively, which had shorter powder separation (ASI) and more dry matter with higher SPAD. Based on the hydroponic test,the varieties of Shandan 650, Xinyu 335, Jiushenghe 2468 and MC703 were selectedas drought resistant varieties,and its membership was 0.871, 0.697, 0.680 and 0.596, respectively. This group had more developed roots and strong physiological enzymatic activities. Combining the identification results of the first traits (yield, DRI) with the second traits (root, ASI, physiology) under three controlled water conditions, MC703, Jiushenghe 2468 and Shandan 650 were selected as drought resistant varieties.