额济纳旗绿洲生态环境的遥感动态监测分析

在干旱区利用光学遥感可以对其沙化状况、治沙效果进行监测 ,得到良好的监测效果。利用 L and-sat TM遥感图像并结合 GIS分析了绿洲最近 15 a来额济纳绿洲生态环境变化情况 ,分析表明额济纳沙漠化土地已遍布全旗。( 1)绿洲北部、东部等的湖泊水体范围在锐减 ;( 2 )绿洲面积在明显减少。2 0 0 0年比1986年后 15 a来绿洲面积减少了 6 1.48% ,平均每年面积递减 4.39% ;( 3)绿洲质量及盖度在下降。绿洲生态环境质量下降的主要原因是人类对水资源与土地的不合理利用 ,因此 ,通过引进现代高新技术如遥感的监测与系统地分析及科学地治理 ,额济纳旗绿洲生态恢复是完全可能的

Dynamic Monitoring of Ecological Environment of Ejina Banner Oasis by Remote Sensing

Desertification is one of the most serious environment and socio economic problems in the world and China today. Land of sandy desertification almost covers everywhere in Ejina Banner (a county), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Using remote sensing method can expediently acquire some information such as desertification status, and effect of harnessing desertification. The ecological change situation from 1986 to 2000 in Ejina oasis is researched. The result is as followes: (1) Area of water body of lakes on the northern and eastern are distinctly reduced. (2) Area of the oasis is rapidly shrunk. From 1986 to 2000, the area is reduced 61.48%, average 4.39% annually. (3) condition of oasis quality is declined. The oasis ecological environment trends to be bad. Its main reason is that human activities exceeded the load capacity of natural resources such as water and land. By means of self restorative ability of natural vegetation and human scientific conservation, that the oasis ecosystem maintains dynamical balance and the environment remains relatively stable is possible.