森林病害流行与经营措施的关系

为了更好地贯彻以森林生态系为基础,以营林技术措施为中心的“预防为主,综合防治”的森林保护方针,本文概括论述了森林病害的流行与经营措施的密切关系。森林“病害”是森林生态系统中生物之间食物链关系的一种自然现象。在天然林生态系中,生物种群之间处于相对平衡的关系,“病害”处于有病无大害(立木腐朽除外)状态,而在人工纯林,特别是大面积人工纯林的生态系中,由于食物链结构简单,给有害生物提供了有利环境进而繁殖成灾,成为当前人工林病害流行的重要原因。各种营林技术措施与森林病害流行有密切关系,营林技术措施是“综合防治”的核心,把营林防病措施贯彻到育林各个生产环节中,是一项系统工程,是控制或减轻人工林病害流行的重要战略措施。因此,使林业工作者进一步认清森林病害流行与经营措施的关系,对“综合防治”森林病害工作,具有一定的生产指导意义。

RELATIONSHIP OF FOREST DISEASE EPIDEMIC TO MANAGEMENT MEASURES

In order to carry out the forest protect policy, precaution is principal and second is integrated control. Forest disease is a kind of natural phenomenon between living things in food chain. In natural forest ecological system, biological community maintain a relative balance, with disease but slightly damage, however, in pure artificial forest, especially large area, food chain structure is simple and supply favorable environment for pest reproduction, this is the important reason for disease, epidemic in antificial forest. The management measures have close relationship to disease epidemic, forger is the centre of latter. It is a system engineering to carry out management measures and disease precaution in culture production, It is also a strategic measures of controlling disease. It possess significance to make forester understand the relationship between disease epidemic and management.