几种耕作状态下土壤微生物区系组成及其纤维分解作用强度研究

对海南省东方、保亭和儋州等县市橡胶园、香蕉园和蔬菜地的土壤样品进行分析测定。结果发现,3种不同耕作状态下,土壤微生物区系均呈现细菌>>放线菌>真菌的数量变化规律,且耕作地大于空闲地。不同耕作状态土壤,以菜地微生物数量最多,香蕉地最少。土壤微生物数量与土壤的pH和全氮显著相关。菜地土壤的纤维分解菌数量及其纤维分解作用强度明显高于橡胶园和香蕉园的,耕作地的高于对照的。纤维素分解作用强度与好气纤维分解菌数量和土壤pH显著相关,与微生物总数和细菌总数极显著相关。

Soil Microbes and Their Cellulose-decomposing Capacity Under Different Cultivation Conditions

Soil samples collected from rubber plantations, banana plantations and vegetable fields in Dongfang, Baoting and Danzhou, Hainan Province were analyzed. The analysis showed that the soil microflora under 3 different cultural conditions varied in number in the order of bacteria > actinomyces > fungi, and that the microbes in cultivated soil were more than those in the non-cultivated field. The microbes were found the most in the vegetable field but the least in banana plantations. The number of microbes in the soil was significantly correlated with the soil pH and total nitrogen. The number of cellulose-decomposing microbes and their cellulose-decomposing capacity were found obviously higher in the soil of the vegetable field than in the soil of the rubber and banana plantations, higher in the soil of the cultivated land than in the soil of non-cultivated control land. The cellulose-decomposing capacity was correlated evidently with the number of the aerobic cellulose-decomposing microbes and the soil pH, and highly significantly with the total number of microbes and total number of bacteria.