施肥对玛曲高寒沙化草地植物多样性和生产力的影响

研究了施肥对玛曲高寒沙化草地物种丰富度、植被高度、物种多样性和生产力的影响。结果表明,施肥可增加物种丰富度和高度,其中施氮磷肥和施氮磷有机肥分别比对照的草地丰富度提高了42.9%和44.7%,植被高度平均提高4.5和5.6 cm。不同施肥处理对高寒沙化草地的Simpson指数、Shannon-Weiner指数和Pielou均匀度指数均有影响。氮、磷和有机肥混施后植物群落的Simpson指数和Shannon-Weiner指数与对照之间达显著或极显著差异,施氮磷肥后植物群落的Pielou均匀度指数与对照间差异极显著。不同施肥类型对高寒沙化草地地上生物量的影响不同,采用氮、磷和有机肥混施的方案可最大限度的增加沙化草地的地上生物量,比对照的增加2.5倍。从生物多样性和生产力增加综合考虑,氮、磷和有机肥混施为高寒沙化草地施肥的最佳处理。

Effects of fertilizer on plant diversity and productivity of desertified alpine grassland at Maqu, Gansu

Effects of fertilizer on species richness,vegetation height,diversity and productivity of desertified alpine grassland located at Maqu county,Gansu province,China,was studied.The results showed that compared with the non fertilizered control plots the species richness and vegetation height from the plots recieved.N,P or N,P plus organic manure were increased by 42.9% and 44.7%,and by 4.5 and 5.6 cm,respectively.Simpson index,Shannon-Weiner index and Pielou evenness index were also improved by various fertilizer treatments.Dry matter yields were increased by 2.5 times by N,P plus organic manure treatment.Overall the optimum treatment is N,P plus organic manure under the experimental conditions.