玉米细胞质雄性不育材料CMS-P的胞质分类研究

采用育性恢复专效性测定、PCR分类鉴定、类质粒鉴定3种玉米不育细胞质分类方法，对本室从爆裂玉米（Zea mays everta）种质中发现的玉米细胞质雄性不育材料“CMS-P”进行了胞质分类研究，一致表明CMS-P属于S型不育胞质。这为CMS-P的有效利用提供了理论依据。卡方测验表明，S组田间育性表现恢复的各组合花粉可染率并不完全符合1∶1的分离比例，CMS-P向可育方向偏移的程度更大。花粉可染率在不同测验系、不同胞质、不同环境间都表现出较大差异，胞质与核微效基因间的互作可能是影响育性稳定性的主要因素。

Classification of Male Sterile Cytoplasm of CMS-P in Maize (Zea mays everta)

Application of cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) materials makes an effective approach for utilization of heterosis,by which the seed pureness can be increased and the production cost can be reduced.A key problem for breeders is to identify unknown sterile cytoplasm and understand its characters.Using the combined methods of male fertility restoration testing,PCR of mtDNA and S1,S2 plasmid-like analysis,this study mainly dealt with classifying CMS-P selected from popcorn and finding the fertility diversity between CMS-P and others by pollen stain to understand the utilizing potential of CMS-P.The results indicated that CMS-P was classified to be the S-type CMS in maize.The PCR classifying method was quicker and exacter than others.And there was no difference between CMS-P and CMS-S in sequence of the special PCR fragment.The segregation proportion of pollen did not all accord with 1:1 by Chi-square test with pollen stain and CMS-P was much more fertile than CMS-Tangxu in restoring F1.Pollen stain was diverse among the different nuclear backgrounds with same cytoplasm,the different cytoplasms and environments.The interaction between cytoplasm and nuclear minor gene maybe was the main factor that affects the fertility stability.We also found that HZ32 was a full restoring material with high restoring ability,and its rates of stained pollen were 96.4%,94.2%,and 55.58% for CMS-T,CMS-C,and CMSTangxu,respectively.Ben7884 was a restoring line for S-type cytoplasm,but its restoring ability performed a fertility in 45 classes for C-type.