甜玉米单倍体育种初探

利用Stock6与甜玉米自交系265OR1的29个F2诱导株对2个美国超甜玉米单交种和2个人工合成超甜玉米群体进行杂交诱导,通过子粒颜色和形态标记识别,结合田间鉴定筛选单倍体,利用0.05%秋水仙素+2%二甲基亚砜进行染色体加倍。结果表明,12个诱导株诱导出单倍体,共获得19株单倍体植株,平均单倍体诱导率为0.016%～0.237%,其中诱导株3-2、3-6和2-7诱导率相对较高。不同类型材料间被诱导频率差异明显,遗传基础复杂、有利基因频率相对较高的群体被诱导率显著高于单交种,相同类型材料间被诱导率差异不显著。经染色体加倍,成功获得4株双单倍体,加倍率21.05%。

Primary Research on Sweet Corn Haploid Breeding

Twenty-nine F₂ inducer plants coming from Stock6×265OR1 were used to hybridize and induce with 2 super-sweet corn manpower synthesized populations and 2 super-sweet corn single hybrids, haploids were selected out from hybridized ears according to kernel color and shape marker identification, the field identification result was considered, and then the haploid plants were doubled by 0.05% colchicine and 2% dimethyl sulfoxide. The results indicated 12 inducer plants could produce haploid, 19 haploid plants were achieved by them, the average haploid induction rate ranged from 0.016% to 0.237%, the No.3-2, 3-6 and 2-7 had relatively high haploid induction rate; in the same time, the induced ratio difference between different germplasms was obvious, population with wide genetic basic and relatively high favorableness gene frequency was easily induced by inducer plant than single cross hybrid, but the induced ratio difference between same type germplasms was not obvious. Four double haploid plants were achieved by chromosome doubling, the doubling rate was 21.05%.